Retinal Cream

THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 1, Ch. 3, Vitamin Deficiency, Dependency, And Toxicity -- This Publication Is Searchable -- -- The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy Section 1. Nutritional Disorders Chapter 3. Vitamin Deficiency, Dependency, And Toxicity Topics [General] Vitamin A Deficiency Vitamin A Toxicity Vitamin D Deficiency And Dependency Vitamin D Toxicity Vitamin E Deficiency Vitamin E Toxicity Vitamin K Deficiency Vitamin K Toxicity Thiamine Deficiency And Dependency Riboflavin Deficiency Niacin Deficiency Vitamin B 6 Deficiency And Dependency Vitamin B 6 Toxicity Biotin Deficiency And Dependency Pantothenic Acid Deficiency Vitamin C Deficiency Vitamin A Deficiency Vitamin A (retinol) is fat soluble and is found mainly in fish liver oils, liver, egg yolks, butter, and cream. Green leafy and yellow vegetables contain -carotene and other provitamin carotenoids, which are converted to retinal in the mucosal cells of the small intestine. Retinal is reduced to retinol, then esterified. Most of the body's vitamin A is stored in the liver as retinyl palmitate . It is released into the circulation as retinol bound to retinol binding protein and prealbumin (transthyretin). The 11- cis isomer of retinal (vitamin A aldehyde) combines with opsin to form rhodopsin, the prosthetic group of photoreceptor pigments in the retina. In somatic cells, retinol is converted to retinoic acid, which combines with receptors that bind to DNA and regulate gene expression to maintain epithelial tissues and guide differentiation of a variety of other tissues. Biologic equivalents, for diets with different proportions of retinol and -carotene, are as follows: 1 USP U equals 1 IU; 1 IU equals 0.3 µg of retinol; 1 µg of -carotene equals 0.167 µg of retinol. Other provitamin carotenoids are half as active as -carotene. Synthetic vitamin analogs (retinoids) are used increasingly in dermatology. The possible protective role of -carotene, retinol, and retinoids against some epithelial cancers is under investigation. Etiology Primary vitamin A deficiency is usually caused by prolonged dietary deprivation. It is endemic in areas, such as southern and eastern Asia, where rice, devoid of carotene, is the staple. Secondary vitamin A deficiency may be due to inadequate conversion of carotene to vitamin A or to interference with absorption, storage, or transport of vitamin A. Interference with absorption or storage is likely in celiac disease, sprue, cystic fibrosis, pancreatic disease, duodenal bypass, congenital partial obstruction of the jejunum, obstruction of the bile ducts, giardiasis, and cirrhosis. Vitamin A deficiency is common in protein-energy malnutrition (marasmus or kwashiorkor), principally because the diet is deficient but also because vitamin A storage and transport are defective. Symptoms and Signs The severity of the effects of vitamin A deficiency is inversely related to age. Growth retardation is a common sign in children. Inadequate intake or utilization of vitamin A can cause impaired dark adaptation and night blindness; xerosis of the conjunctiva and cornea; xerophthalmia and keratomalacia; keratinization of lung, GI tract, and urinary tract epithelia; increased susceptibility to infections; and sometimes death. Follicular hyperkeratosis of the skin is common. Pathognomonic changes are confined to the eye (see Keratomalacia in Ch. 96). The earliest change, rod dysfunction, can be detected by dark adaptometry, rod scotometry, or electroretinography (these tests require cooperative subjects). Dysfunction of the retina is followed by changes in the structure and function of epithelial cells. Xerosis of the bulbar conjunctiva consists of drying, thickening, wrinkling, and muddy pigmentation; the cornea becomes xerotic, infiltrated, and hazy at an early stage. Keratomalacia rapidly supervenes with liquefaction of part or all of the cornea, leading to rupture, with extrusion of the eye contents and subsequent shrinking of the globe (phthisis bulbi), or to anterior bulging (corneal ectasia and anterior staphyloma) and blindness. Bitot's spots (superficial foamy patches composed of epithelial debris and secretions on the exposed bulbar conjunctiva) occur in advanced deficiency; they are most likely due to vitamin A deficiency when they occur in young children who have other indications of vitamin A deficiency. In severe vitamin A deficiency in children, mortality can be 50% or more. Laboratory Findings and Diagnosis Evidence of vitamin A depletion is unobtainable in the preclinical stage, except for a history of inadequate intake. Plasma retinol levels fall after liver stores are exhausted. The normal range is 20 to 80 µg/dL (0.7 to 2.8 µmol/L); 10 to 19 µg/dL (0.35 to 0.66 µmol/L) is low, and < 10 µg/dL (< 0.35 µmol/L) is deficient. Mean plasma retinol binding protein (RBP) is 47 µg/mL for adult males and 42 µg/mL for adult females. Up to the age of 10 yr, the range is 20 to 30 µg/mL. Plasma levels of vitamin A and RBP fall in deficiency states and in acute infections. Other causes of night blindness (eg, retinitis pigmentosa) must be excluded. Secondary infection may complicate the corneal changes. Trial with therapeutic doses of vitamin A assists in the diagnosis. Prophylaxis Xerophthalmia is the major cause of blindness among young children in most developing countries, where prophylactic doses of 66,000 µg (200,000 IU) of vitamin A palmitate in oil orally once every 3 to 6 mo are advised for all children aged 1 to 4 yr; the dose is halved for those < 1 yr. The diet should include dark green leafy vegetables and yellow fruits, such as mango and papaw. Bread, sugar, and monosodium glutamate are fortified with vitamin A. For secondary deficiency, vitamin A supplements should be given routinely. Infants suspected of being allergic to milk should be given adequate vitamin A in the substitute formula. Treatment The cause should be corrected, and vitamin A should be given in therapeutic doses at once. Oral vitamin A palmitate in oil 20,000 µg (60,000 IU) daily for 2 days and once before discharge from the hospital after 7 to 10 days is usually effective. In the presence of vomiting or malabsorption, water-miscible vitamin A must be given IM (oil preparations are not used IM). Thereafter, 3,200 to 8,000 µg (10,000 to 25,000 IU)/day is given orally in three divided doses as cod liver oil, red palm oil, or another concentrate. Prolonged daily administration of large doses, especially to infants, must be avoided because toxicity may result. During pregnancy and lactation, prophylactic or therapeutic doses should not exceed two times the RDA to avoid possible damage to the fetus. --

soap solution, thesoap films

Exploratorium: Science Snacks: Soap Bubbles Soap Bubbles Create geometric art with soap films. ######### -- ######### -- Using pipe cleaners and drinking straws, you can makethree-dimensional geometric frames: cubes, tetrahedrons, or shapes ofyour own design. When you dip these frames in a soap solution, thesoap films that form on the frames are fascinating and colorful. Plastic drinking straws. Pipe cleaners (available at school supply, hobby, or party stores). A small bucket or container for the bubble solution. The container must be large enough so that bubble frames are entirely covered when they are dipped. Bubble solution (You can use a commercial solution like Wonder Bubbles™, or use the Exploratorium's recipe: To each gallon (3.8 1iters) of water add 2/3 cup (160 ml) of Dawn™ or other dishwashing liquid and 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of glycerine, available at your local pharmacy. Bubble solution works best if it is aged at least a day before use.) (30 minutes or less) Form frames using the drinking straws for the straight pieces. Connect two straws at a corner by inserting a doubled pipe cleaner into the end of each straw. In places where three straws meet, fold the pipe cleaners as shown in the diagram. Attach a pipe cleaner handle to your frame. Try constructing cubes or tetrahedrons, or just let your imagination run wild. Mix the soap solution in the bucket. Make sure that you have enough solution to fully cover the frames when they are dipped. (15 minutes or more) ######### -- Dip the frames into the soap solution, and observe the fascinating geometrical shapes that the soap films form. Also notice the shimmering colors in the soap film. As you lift your frame out of the solution, the soap film flows into a state of minimum energy . The soap film is in a state of minimum energy when it's covering the least possible amount of surface area. The intricate shapes you see inside the frame represent the minimum area the soap film can cover. You may notice that a soap film will sometimes take on different shapes when you dip the frame into the solution again and again. That's because there may be more than one way for the soap film to form a minimum surface area. When light waves hit the soap film, they reflect and interfere with each other. This interference causes the shimmering colors you see. White light is made of many different colors. When white light shines on the soap film, some light waves reflect from the front surface of the film and some reflect from the back surface of the film. When these two sets of reflected waves meet, they can add together, cancel each other out, or partially cancel, depending on the thickness of the film and the initial color of the light. When light waves of a particular color meet and cancel each other, then that color is subtracted from white light. For example, if the red light waves cancel, then you see white light minus red light, which you perceive as blue-green light. Plastic bar straws, which have a smaller diameter than regular drinking straws, hold the pipe cleaners more tightly. But bar straws are more expensive and are sometimes harder to get. If you can't find them at grocery or liquor stores, try restaurant or party supply stores. Questions? Comments? Want to share your results? Join the: Like this snack? You can order the snackbook "The Spinning Blackboard" online for more force & motion experiments! EXPLORATORIUM SNACK HOMEPAGE © Exploratorium

Lip Balms & Moisturizers

Amazon.com Beauty: Lip Treatments / Lip Balms & Moisturizers: Liz Earle Naturally Active Skincare, Brave Soldier, Elizabeth Arden & More Your Store Beauty See All 32 Product Categories Your Account | Cart | Wish List | Help | Browse Brands & Products | Free Gifts & Special Offers | Fragrance | Makeup | Skin Care | Bath & Shower | Hair Care | Men's Grooming Search Lip Balms & Moisturizers Amazon.com Beauty Skin Care Makeup Fragrance Bath & Shower Hair Care Men's Grooming Health/Personal Care Web Search Expand Your Results Any Category in Beauty, not just Lip Balms & Moisturizers Narrow by Brand Liz Earle Naturally Active Skincare (6) Brave Soldier (5) Elizabeth Arden (4) Jack Black (3) EI Solutions (3) Maxwell's Apothecary (3) NUXE (3) Ole Henriksen (2) Too Faced (2) Molton Brown (2) L'Occitane (2) DERMAdoctor (2) BABOR (2) La Natura (1) Z. Bigatti (1) See all brands Narrow by Price $0-$24 (56) $25-$49 (7) $50-$99 (3) Listmania! 1 - 24 of 66 results in: Products > Makeup > Lips > Lip Treatments > Lip Balms & Moisturizers Sort by: Bestselling Newest Arrivals Relevance On Sale Price: Low to High Price: High to Low Murad Energizing Pomegranate Lip Therapy SPF 15 $15.00 Show only Murad items Brave Soldier Lip Defender SPF 15 .33oz $8.00 Show only Brave Soldier items DERMAdoctor POUTlandish Hyper Moisturizing Lip Paint & Treatment SPF 15 With Nanotechnology - 2 mL 3 colors $27.50 Show only DERMAdoctor items EI Solutions Hint of Color Therapeutic Lip Balm SPF 18 - 0.11 oz $12.00 Show only EI Solutions items Freeze Plump Lips 24/7 Currently unavailable Jack Black Intense Therapy Lip Balm SPF 25 $10.00 $6.50 Show only Jack Black items Elizabeth Arden Eight Hour Cream Lip Protectant Stick SPF 15 #04 Plum 3.7 g/0.13 oz $15.00 Show only Elizabeth Arden items The Art of Shaving Lip Balm $12.00 Show only The Art of Shaving items Too Faced Bunny Balm 4 colors Currently unavailable Qtica Intense Lip Repair Balm Currently unavailable Weleda Everon Lip Balm $5.00 Show only Weleda items Liz Earle Skincare Sheer Pink Lip Shimmer Mini Duo Kit - 2 x 0.1oz $18.00 Show only Liz Earle Naturally Active Skincare items Fresh Lip Repair SPF 20 $12.00 Show only Fresh items Molton Brown Vitamin Lip Saver - 15ml Currently unavailable EI Solutions Tea Tree Oil Therapeutic Lip Treatment SPF 18 - 0.11 oz $12.00 Show only EI Solutions items Menaji Medicated Lip Balm SPF 19 $5.50 Show only Menaji items L'Occitane Lip Shield $12.00 Show only L'Occitane items Molton Brown Lipsaver Vitamin SPF 8 $16.00 Show only Molton Brown items Elizabeth Arden Eight Hour Cream Lip Protectant Stick SPF 15 #03 Chestnut 3.7 g/0.13 oz $15.00 Show only Elizabeth Arden items Mor Marshmallow Lip Nectar Currently unavailable Brave Soldier Lip Defender SPF 15 - 0.33oz $8.00 Show only Brave Soldier items Caudalie Lip Conditioner - 0.15 oz Currently unavailable Liz Earle Skincare Sheer Pink Lip Shimmer and Superbalm Mini Duo Kit - 2 x 0.1oz $16.00 Show only Liz Earle Naturally Active Skincare items Davies Gate GARDEN MADE Lip Balm Stick W/SPF 15 $5.00 Show only Davies Gate items 1 - 24 of 66 View items on page: 1 | 2 | 3 Search powered by Where's My Stuff? • Track your recent orders . • View or change your orders in Your Account . Shipping & Returns • See our shipping rates & policies . • Return an item (here's our Returns Policy ). Need Help? • Forgot your password? Click here . • Redeem or buy a gift certificate. • Visit our Help department . Search Amazon.com Books Popular Music Music Downloads Classical Music DVD VHS Apparel Yellow Pages Movie Showtimes Toys Baby Computers Video Games Electronics Camera & Photo Software Tools & Hardware Office Products Magazines Sports & Outdoors Outdoor Living Kitchen Jewelry & Watches Beauty Gourmet Food Musical Instruments Health/Personal Care Pet Supplies Travel Cell Phones & Service Outlet Auctions zShops Everything Else Automotive for Amazon.com Home | Directory of All Stores Our International Sites: Canada | United Kingdom | Germany | Japan | France | China Help | Shopping Cart | Your Account | Sell Items | 1-Click Settings Investor Relations | Press Room | Careers Conditions of Use | Privacy Notice © 1996-2006, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates

Facial Mask Treat Pimples

How to Buy It: Clay-based Face Mask - eHow.com Clear Instructions on How To Do (just about) Everything Web eHow.com Visit the eHow home page for step-by-step instructions on How to Do (just about) Everything How to Buy It: Clay-based Face Mask Are you wondering where you can buy it: Cheap clay-based face mask, high quality clay-based face mask, free clay-based face mask? Well we probably can't help you find it for free, but we can show you the following places to buy it online. Results from Shopping.com Green Tea Face Mask @ Peak Uniques Price: 5.00$ 40% Off Clay/Ginseng Mask, 2 oz, Rachel Perry @ Myvitanet.com Price: 8.28$ Murad Advanced Performance Skincare - Purifying Face Scrub @ CosmeticMall.com Price: 33.00$ Baby Cakes - Bye Bye Boo Boo @ BeautyBridge Price: 12.50$ Masque 2 (Vitamoor) (For dry or sensitive skin) 50 ml @ Canada Drug Superstore Price: 17.17$ 3 Store Offers Related eHows: Exfoliate Oily Skin Fight Oily Skin Use a Facial Mask Treat Pimples Tips from eHow Users: Please enter your tip on How To Buy It: Clay-based Face Mask Title: Tip: Please use the following information for my tip submission. Name: (Optional: You may leave this blank to remain anonymous.) E-mail: (Optional: We will ONLY use your e-mail to notify you when your tip is published.) Check out Thousands of How-To Solutions in eHow's Centers Automotive Careers & Education Computers & Home Electronics Family & Relationships Finance & Business Food & Entertaining Health Hobbies & Games Holidays & Traditions Home & Garden Personal Care & Style Pets Sports & Fitness Travel How to: --? Web eHow.com Home | Site Map | About Us | How To Books | Link to eHow Subscribe to the eHow of the Day Mailing List : Have the eHow of the Day appear on your My Yahoo! Page: Add the eHow of the Day to your RSS reader: © 1999-2005 eHow, Inc. How things get done. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the eHow Terms of Use and Privacy .

Great Skin Clinic &

Van Wormer, Mark E, MD - Great Skin Clinic & Day Spa - Medical Specialists, Beauty & Fitness - Albuquerque, NM, 87111-2304 - Citysearch BOC Spa & Beauty: Vote for your fave today -- New to Citysearch? Sign In · Help · Jan 26 2006 Home Restaurants & Bars Hotels Shopping Spa & Beauty Movies Events See More Categories » Search Business name, category, and/or keyword Search by name only Address, city & state, or zip Address, city & state, or zip | Neighborhood Address, city & state, or zip | Airport Address, city & state, or zip | Attraction Select a Albuquerque Neighborhood Select an Albuquerque Airport Select an Albuquerque Attraction My Locations Add/edit locations Recent Locations Clear recent locations Save to My Citysearch Printer Friendly Version Home · Yellow Pages · Medical Specialists · Dermatologists · Profile Van Wormer, Mark E, MD - Great Skin Clinic & Day Spa 8510 Montgomery Blvd NE Ste A1 Albuquerque, NM 87111-2304 (505) 884-8544 8.0 Overall Popular About our ratings Ratings feedback Send to a Friend Own this business? » Enhance or edit your listing See something wrong? » Suggest a correction Things to do nearby: 8510 Montgomery Blvd NE Ste A1 Albuquerque, NM 87111-2304 · Restaurants · Hotels · Bars · Movie Theaters · Department Stores · Shopping Centers & Malls · Grocery Stores · Pharmacies · Florists · Banks Related Searches · Albuquerque Medical Specialists · Albuquerque Dermatologists Medical Specialists · Search anything in Albuquerque · Search Yellow Pages in Albuquerque · Search other Cities · Browse Albuquerque Editorial Lists Related Editorial Content Home and Garden Guide Find redecorating ideas for your indoor and outdoor spaces. Spotlight: Albuquerque Plastic Surgeons Find top plastic surgeons in Albuquerque. Citysearch has recommendations, ratings, tips and more for plastic surgeons in and around Albuquerque. Spotlight: Albuquerque Dermatologists Find top dermatologists in Albuquerque. Citysearch has recommendations, ratings, tips and more for dermatologists in and around Albuquerque. Driving Directions 1. Enter starting address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: 2. Enter destination address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: Options Display type: Text Turn by turn maps with text Avoid the following: Limited access highways Toll Ferry lanes Find A Different Location Enter Location Address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: About Us | Advertise with Us | Contact Us | Press Center | Site Guide | List Your Business on Citysearch | Become an Affiliate | Job Opportunities | Other Cities | Get a Business Website | Submit an Event | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | About BOC | Albuquerque Yellow Pages Citysearch is a registered trademark of 720619 Ontario Inc. and is used under license (C) 2006 Citysearch.com All rights reserved. partner sites: Evite - Entertainment.com - Gifts.com - TripAdvisor - ServiceMagic - Ticketmaster - Expedia - Hotels.com - Hotwire - HSN - LendingTree - Match.com - RealEstate.com - ReserveAmerica - Zerodegrees - CondoSaver - ClassicVacations - Ballard Designs - Frontgate - Garnet Hill - Smith+Noble - The Territory Ahead - Travel Smith